• Excessive extracellular glutamate may induce

  2021-10-26

  

  Excessive extracellular glutamate may induce excitotoxic neuronal damage in disorders of the CNS (Schwartz et al., 2003). EAATs are considered to contribute to prevention of excitotoxicity by glutamate uptake. Our data revealed that expression levels of membrane EAAT proteins in astrocytes are much

• Excessive extracellular glutamate can be removed from brain

  2021-10-26

  

  Excessive extracellular glutamate can be removed from 624 interstitial fluids to the blood plasma for the maintenance of proper extracellular glutamate homeostasis in the mammalian central nervous system [[5], [6], [7]]. The glutamate concentration in the blood plasma increases in case of ischemic

• There are two ways to transport FFAs

  2021-10-26

  

  There are two ways to transport FFAs into cells. First by passive diffusion. Second as the putative long-chain fatty Pentylenetetrazole transporters are proposed, CD36 the plasma membrane-associated fatty acid-binding protein (FABPpm) and fatty acid transport proteins (FATP) [11], where CD36 is res

• Otilonium Bromide receptor Introduction RNA splicing occurs

  2021-10-25

  

  Introduction RNA splicing occurs in the nucleus when noncoding sequences (introns) are removed from the pre-mRNA transcript and coding sequences (exons) are joined to form a mature mRNA [1,2]. This reaction is catalyzed by a multiprotein complex called spliceosome. The spliceosome consists of five

• Histamine functions as a key neurotransmitter in multiple ci

  2021-10-25

  

  Histamine functions as a key neurotransmitter in multiple circuits to control various behaviors. In Drosophila photoreceptor, histamine is produced de novo by histidine decarboxylase (Burg et al., 1993); meanwhile, maintaining normal histamine content also depends on the histamine recycling pathway

• br STAR Methods br Acknowledgments The authors would

  2021-10-25

  

  STAR★Methods Acknowledgments The authors would like to acknowledge Genentech DNA Sequencing, Biologics Resource, Oligo, FACS, and Bioinformatics groups for their help with the project. Our thanks to Craig Cumming and Sophia Maund for facilitating our access to large-scale mutation data. We als

• br Conclusion GST expression was detected in

  2021-10-25

  

  Conclusion GST expression was detected in the Hemicornea construct and the commonly used animal cornea models at both the protein and functional levels. The results are summarized in Table 1. However, the construct exhibited lower levels of activity of GST, a marker of phase II enzymatic activity

• br Experimental br Acknowledgments This research was support

  2021-10-25

  

  Experimental Acknowledgments This research was supported by the Korea Research Foundation (2013R1A1A2007509). The authors thank to Dr. Moon Ho Son (Dong-A Pharm. Co. Ltd) for hGPR119 agonist activity assay. We also thank to Pharmacal Research Institute and Central Laboratory of Kangwon Nationa

• br Experimental br Acknowledgments The authors are grateful

  2021-10-25

  

  Experimental Acknowledgments The authors are grateful to Fundamental Scientific Research Fund of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (No. 2016ZX350030) for financial support. Introduction 2-Lysophosphatidylcholines (1-acyl-glycero-3-phosphocholines, 2-LPC) are blood derived factors involve

• It has been found that WHI P a

  2021-10-25

  

  It has been found that WHI-P131, a JAK3 inhibitor, induced apoptosis of CD4+ T HhAntag (Cetkovic-Cvrlje et al., 2012). Also, other JAK3 inhibitors (AG490 and WHI-P154) caused apoptosis in anaplastic large cell lymphoma (Amin et al., 2003). Taking into account the proapoptotic action of JAK inhibito

• Previous studies have demonstrated that cannabinoid potentia

  2021-10-25

  

  Previous studies have demonstrated that cannabinoid potentiation of GlyR α3 subunits contributes to cannabinoid-induced analgesia. For instance, Dehydroxylcannabidiol (DH-CBD), a chemically modified cannabinoid, can alleviate acute pain and chronic inflammatory pain by targeting spinal α3 GlyRs (Xio

• In respect of clinical development Takeda has pioneered the

  2021-10-25

  

  In respect of clinical development Takeda has pioneered the field with the GPR40 agonist TAK-875 or fasiglifam (Figure 2A), which in phase-II studies decreased HbA1c as efficiently as sulfonylurea without signs of hypoglycemia [24]. This was obtained with surprisingly little effect on systemic insul

• It is notable that pharmacological or genetic inhibition of

  2021-10-25

  

  It is notable that pharmacological or genetic inhibition of GCGR signaling results in the engagement of a number of compensatory mechanisms that potentially impact glucose control. These include alpha-cell hyperplasia [2], [11], [12], [13] and increased beta-cell proliferation under low insulin cond

• The other type of cell death that occurs in

  2021-10-23

  

  The other type of cell death that occurs in activated T Cabazitaxel synthesis is caused by growth factor withdrawal following TCR-mediated activation, whereby most of the activated T cells die by apoptosis following the eradication of bacteria during an acute infection in order to reduce the level

• Decoquinate Experimental conditions may be critical to expla

  2021-10-23

  

  Experimental conditions may be critical to explain one model or the other. The matter of Hippo-driven cytoplasmic sequestration (Varelas et al., 2008) of active SMAD complexes (Varelas et al., 2008) vs. TßR basolateral relocalization upon epithelial polarization (Nallet-Staub et al., 2015) as mechan

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