• Small RhoGTPases are single domain nucleotide dependent bina

  2024-10-15

  

  Small RhoGTPases are single-domain nucleotide-dependent binary switches that act as highly-tuned regulators in signal transduction [1]. The cycling between active GTP-bound and inactive GDP-bound forms allows RhoGTPases to bind to or to dissociate from downstream effectors, respectively [2]. Guanine

• A review has recently been published to evaluate the

  2024-10-15

  

  A review has recently been published to evaluate the potential effects of food, alcohol and GYY 4137 morpholine salt receptor juices on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the drugs for BPH. The authors reviewed the PubMed database during the years 1991–2015. In addition, a digital version

• The mitogen activated protein kinase MAPK plays an important

  2024-10-14

  

  The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) plays an important role in a variety of cell processes by controlling transcriptional or translational regulation [14]. There are three major MAPK family members that have been well characterized: extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), c-Jun N-termi

• Bioavailability has been defined as the amount

  2024-10-14

  

  Bioavailability has been defined as the amount of a drug given by any route, other than intravenously, that reaches general circulation and is available at the site of action [86]. The low bioavailability observed with the initial intravaginal devices (16%) was attributed to the melting point of the

• Because antioxidants have a strong

  2024-10-14

  

  Because antioxidants have a strong radical scavenging efficiency, a mixture of H2O2 and antioxidants should exhibit a much weaker depolymerization process than H2O2 alone. Therefore, we expected the redox behavior of silver could be affected by the presence of the antioxidant. The schematic diagram

• br HIF Signaling in AA Therapy

  2024-10-14

  

  HIF-α Signaling in AA Therapy Resistance An important result emerging from Phase 3 clinical trials testing AA therapies is improvement of progression-free survival (PFS) that is not accompanied by enhanced overall survival (OS) [26]. This dichotomy has been attributed to mechanisms of acquired r

• Kim et al found that hydroxydopamine OHDA promoted the atrop

  2024-10-14

  

  Kim et al. (2013) found that 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) promoted the atrophy of dopaminergic neurons associated with the activation of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), the translocation of apoptosis inductor factor (AIF) and the depletion of ATP. An increase in p-AMPK and pS6K (upstream kinase o

• SCR7 br Stress glucocorticoids as risk factor for Alzheimer

  2024-10-14

  

  Stress/glucocorticoids as risk factor for Alzheimer’s Disease: preclinical studies A role for glucocorticoids in shaping the risk for AD is supported by animal studies using rats or mice injected with Aβ oligomers, tau protein or excitotoxins, or transgenic (Tg) mice carrying mutations associated

• OCT also is known as POU F plays

  2024-10-14

  

  OCT4 (also is known as POU5F1) plays an important role in embryonic stem cell self-renewal, development and reprogram somatic cell into pluripotent stem cell [[5], [6], [7]]. Recently, many studies also find OCT4 promotes the progression of many tumors. For example, Wnt/β-catenin promotes the expans

• The cavity volume of the binding pocket

  2024-10-14

  

  The cavity volume of the binding pocket may differ not only between species but also among various AhR/ARNT isoforms within a single species. It is noteworthy that even a single amino 493 synthesis substitution within a binding pocket may result in a change in the cavity volume. This, in turn, may

• br Distribution of OCT in rat brain To

  2024-10-14

  

  Distribution of OCT3 in rat brain To understand the potential roles of this corticosterone-sensitive monoamine clearance mechanism in the regulation of monoaminergic neurotransmission and behavior, and its potential contribution to corticosteroid actions on behavior, we examined the rostrocaudal

• Introduction Myasthenia gravis MG is an autoimmune disorder

  2024-10-12

  

  Introduction Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by muscle weakness, which is mainly due to autoantibodies reducing the number or function of postsynaptic Pimozide receptors (AChRs) [1], [2]. Animal models have been developed to uncover the immunopathogenesis of MG. Expe

• The gene SRD A encodes the reductase enzyme which

  2024-10-12

  

  The gene SRD5A2 encodes the 5-α-reductase enzyme, which converts testosterone into dihydrotestosterone. Although dihydrotestosterone levels are considerably lower than testosterone, dihydrotestosterone has a five-fold stronger binding capacity to the androgen receptor and, thereby, a considerably mo

• In an effort to determine if one ARI was more

  2024-10-12

  

  In an effort to determine if one 5ARI was more effective than the other, the Enlarged Prostate International Comparator Study (EPICS) [17] compared treatment with finasteride and dutasteride in 1630 men over the age of 50 and concluded that after one year of treatment, both groups had statistically

• The discovery of acetylsalicylic acid aspirin in paved

  2024-10-12

  

  The discovery of acetylsalicylic Adriamycin (aspirin) in 1897 paved the way for the development of classical NSAIDs as first-line therapeutics for anti-inflammatory, anti-pyretic and analgesic therapy. Large efforts have been made in the following decades to improve the efficacy and in particular sa

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